HIST-1947-1980

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1947-1980
TO	AREA	DESCRIPTION
1947	American-Info	US enunciates policy of aid for nations it deems threatened by communism in what became known as the Truman Doctrine. Cold War with Soviet Union begins.
1947	India-Pakistan-Info	Muslim state of East and West Pakistan created out of partition of India at the end of British rule. Hundreds of thousands die in widespread communal violence, and millions are made homeless.
1947	India-Bangladesh-Info	British colonial rule over India ends. A largely Muslim state comprising East and West Pakistan is established, either side of India. The two provinces are separated from each other by more than 1,500 km of Indian territory.
1947	India-Info	Independence
1947	India-Info	End of British rule and partition of sub-continent into mainly Hindu India and Muslim-majority Pakistan. Hundreds of thousands die in communal bloodshed.
1948	America	Harry S. Truman
1948	India-Mahatma-Gandhi	A bomb thrown during the Prayer Meeting.
1948	India-Mahatma-Gandhi	Broke the fast.
1948	India-Mahatma-Gandhi	Commenced fast at Delhi.
1948	India-Mahatma-Gandhi	Gandhi Was Killed -Cremated on the banks of the Yamuna by Ramdas.
1948	India-Mahatma-Gandhi	Took three bullets on his chest. Godse the assassin.
1948	American-Info	America's programme to revive ailing post-war European economies the Marshall Plan comes into force. Some $13bn is disbursed over four years and the plan is regarded as a success.
1948	India-Pakistan-Info	Muhammed Ali Jinnah, founding leader of Pakistan, dies. First war with India over disputed territory of Kashmir.
1948	India-Info	War with Pakistan over disputed territory of Kashmir.
1948	American-Info	US acquires vast tracts of Mexican territory in wake of Mexican War including California and New Mexico.
1949	America	Harry S. Truman
1949	India-Bangladesh-Info	The Awami League is established to campaign for East Pakistan's autonomy from West Pakistan.
1950	America	Harry S. Truman
1950	India-PM-Narendra-Modi	Narendra Damodardas Modi is born in the ancient city of Vadnagar in present-day Gujarat state into a middle-class Hindu family. As a child, he runs away from home and heads to north India, living with sadhus -- or holy men -- for months before returning to Gujarat in the late 1960s to serve steaming cups of tea alongside one of his brothers at a stall in Ahmedabad.
1951	America	Harry S. Truman
1951	India-Pakistan-Info	Jinnah's successor Liaquat Ali Khan is assassinated.
1951	India-Info	Congress wins first general elections under leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru.
1951	India-Info	The rail network covers the length and breadth of India
1952	America	Harry S. Truman
1952	Biju Patnaik	Established the Kalinga Foundation Trust
1952		Indian constitution
1953	American-Info	US forces play leading role against North Korean and Chinese troops in Korean War.
1953	America	Harry S. Truman
1953	American-Info	Desegregation and the Vietnam war
1954	American-Info	Senator Joseph McCarthy carries out a crusade against alleged communists in government and public life; the campaign and its methods become known as McCarthyism. In 1954 McCarthy is formally censured by the Senate.
1954	America-African	In the lead-up to the end of Jim Crow and the civil rights era, the fight continued. For example: only in 1948 did the US military desegregate, by executive order. In 1954, in the Brown v Board of Education ruling, the supreme court ruled that segregation was unconstitutional and schools would have to integrate. Civil rights leaders led anti-segregation marches across the country in the 1960s. In 1964, President Lyndon Johnson signed the Civil Rights Act into law. Bussing African American children to white schools in white neighborhoods was deemed constitutional.
1954	American-Info	Racial segregation in schools becomes unconstitutional; start of campaign of civil disobedience to secure civil rights for Americans of African descent.
1954	America-President	Dwight D. Eisenhower
1956	India-Pakistan-Info	Constitution proclaims Pakistan an Islamic republic.
1958		Pakistan Army takes over and develops Pakistan rapidly
1958	India-Pakistan-Info	Martial law declared and General Ayyub Khan takes over.
1960	American-Info	Democratic Party candidate John F Kennedy elected president, narrowly defeating his rival Richard Nixon.

1961	Biju Patnaik	Became the Chief Minister of Orissa
1961	American-Info	Bay of Pigs invasion: an unsuccessful attempt to invade Cuba by Cuban exiles, organised and financed by Washington.
1962	America	John F. Kennedy
1962	India-Odisha	Biju Patnaik became Chief Minister for first time
1962	Martin-Luther-King	Martin Luther king Jr - FREEDOM MARCH
1962	Martin-Luther-King	Martin Luther king Jr - I have a Dream Speech
1962		India -China War.India-Pak War
1962	American-Info	US compels Soviet Union to withdraw nuclear weapons from Cuba in what has become known as the Cuban missile crisis.
1963	America	John F. Kennedy
1963	American-Info	President John F Kennedy assassinated; Lyndon Johnson becomes president.
1964	India-Prime-Minister	Jawaharlal Nehru
1964	America	Lyndon B. Johnson
1964	Martin-Luther-King	Martin Luther King - Gets World Peace prize
1964	American-Info	US steps up its military intervention in Vietnam. Civil Rights Act signed into law; it aims to halt discrimination on grounds of race, colour, religion, nationality.
1964	India-Prime-Minister	Gulzarilal Nanda
1965	America	Lyndon B. Johnson
1965	America-African	Slavery was gone but Jim Crow was alive. Almost all southern African Americans were shut out of the ballot box and the political power it could yield,” wrote Edward E Baptist in The Half Has Never Been Told: Slavery and the Making of American Capitalism. The Voting Rights Act of 1965 attempted to correct this, prohibiting racial discrimination in voting and placing restrictions on a number of southern states if they tried to change voting rights laws. Those restrictions were recently overturned in a 2013 supreme court ruling.
1965	India-Pakistan-Info	War and secession
1965	India-Pakistan-Info	Second war with India over Kashmir.
1965	India-Info	Second War with Pakistan over Kashmir.
1966	America	Lyndon B. Johnson
1966	India-Info	- Mr Nehru's daughter Indira Gandhi becomes prime minister.
1966	India-Prime-Minister	Lal Bahadur Shastri
1966	India-Prime-Minister	Gulzarilal Nanda
1967	America	Lyndon B. Johnson
1968	America	Lyndon B. Johnson
1968	American-Info	Black civil rights leader Martin Luther King assassinated.
1969	America	Lyndon B. Johnson
1969	America	Richard M. Nixon
1969	American-Info	Republican Party candidate Richard Nixon elected president amid growing public opposition to Vietnam war. US military presence in Vietnam exceeds 500,000 personnel.
1969	American-Info	US astronaut Neil Armstrong becomes the first person to walk on the Moon.
1969	India-Pakistan-Info	General Ayyub Khan resigns and General Yahya Khan takes over.
1970	America	Richard M. Nixon
1970	India-Pakistan-Info	Victory in East Pakistan election for breakaway Awami League, leading to rising tension with West Pakistan.
1970	India-Bangladesh-Info	The Awami League wins an overwhelming election victory in East Pakistan. The government in West Pakistan refuses to recognise the results, leading to rioting.
1970	India-Bangladesh-Info	Cyclone hits East Pakistan up to 500,000 people are killed.
1970	India-Bangladesh-Info	Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was at the forefront of the struggle for independence from Pakistan
1971	America	Richard M. Nixon
1971	India	BANGLADESH GETS FREEDOM
1971		India wins against Pakistan and forms Bangladesh
1971	India-Pakistan-Info	East Pakistan attempts to secede, leading to civil war. India intervenes in support of East Pakistan, which eventually breaks away to become Bangladesh.
1971	India-Bangladesh-Info	Indian military support during the independence war of 1971 helped East Pakistan break away to form Bangladesh
1971	India-Bangladesh-Info	Awami League proclaims independence of the province as Bangladesh. Pakistan is defeated in brief war, with Indian assistance.
1971	India-Info	Third war with Pakistan over creation of Bangladesh, formerly East Pakistan.
1972	America	Richard M. Nixon
1972		RABI-BORN IN CUTTACK-ODISHA
1972	American-Info	Nixon re-elected and makes historic visit to China that leads to recognition of the communist government .
1972	India-Pakistan-Info	Simla peace agreement with India sets new frontline in Kashmir.
1972	India-Bangladesh-Info	League leader Sheikh Mujibur Rahman becomes prime minister and begins a programme of nationalising key industries.
1972	India-Info	Indira Gandhi served four terms as prime minister
1973	America	Richard M. Nixon
1973	American-Info	Vietnam ceasefire agreement signed. The campaign had claimed some 58,000 American lives.
1973	India-Pakistan-Info	Populist Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto becomes prime minister.
1974	America	Richard M. Nixon
1974	American-Info	President Nixon resigns in the Watergate scandal over a 1972 break-in at the Democratic Party headquarters.
1974	India-Bangladesh-Info	Severe floods devastate much of the grain crop, leading to an estimated 28,000 deaths.
1974	India-Info	- India explodes first nuclear device in underground test.
1975	Biju Patnaik	Is imprisoned for Emergency
1975		Emergency declared by Indira Gandhi
1975	India-Bangladesh-Info	Sheikh Mujibur Rahman is assassinated in a military coup in August. Martial law is imposed.
1975	India-Info	Democratic strains
1975	India-Info	- Indira Gandhi declares state of emergency after being found guilty of electoral malpractice.
1975	India-Info	-1977 - Nearly 1,000 political opponents imprisoned and programme of compulsory birth control introduced.
1975	America	Gerald R. Ford
1976	American-Info	Democratic Party candidate Jimmy Carter elected president.
1977	India-Prime-Minister	Indira Gandhi
1977	Biju Patnaik	Is made the Union Minister for Steel and Mines
1977	Biju Patnaik	Released from jail and elected as the member of the Lok Sabha
1977	India-Pakistan-Info	Zia takes charge
1977	India-Pakistan-Info	Riots erupt over allegations of vote-rigging by Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto's Pakistan People's Party (PPP). General Zia ul-Haq launches military coup.
1977	India-Bangladesh-Info	Ziaur Rahman, pictured with Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, was assassinated in 1981
1977	India-Bangladesh-Info	General Ziaur Rahman becomes president.
1977	India-Info	- Indira Gandhi's Congress Party loses general elections.
1978	America	Jimmy Carter
1978	India-Pakistan-Info	General Zia becomes president, ushers in Islamic legal system.
1979	America	Jimmy Carter
1979		The Modern Era (1945-1979)
1979	American-Info	US embassy in Tehran, Iran, seized by radical students. The 444-day hostage crisis including a failed rescue attempt in 1980 impacts on President Carter's popularity and dominates the 1980 presidential election campaign.
1979	India-Pakistan-Info	Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto hanged amid international protests.
1979	India-Prime-Minister	Morarji Desai
1980	America	Jimmy Carter
1980	Biju Patnaik	Became a member of the Lok Sabha
1980	India-Pakistan-Info	US pledges military assistance to Pakistan following Soviet intervention in Afghanistan.
1980	India-Prime-Minister	Charan Singh
1980	India-Info	- Indira Gandhi returns to power heading Congress party splinter group, Congress (Indira).
1980	American-Info	November Republican Party's Ronald Reagan elected president, and goes on to adopt a tough anti-communist policy abroad and tax-cutting policies at home.